Data studies
Money & markets, by the numbers
Original reference studies built on primary data — long histories, interactive charts, and the full tables, free to read, cite and embed. Updated as new data lands.
- Mortgage rates 6.49%30-yr fixed today
Historical Mortgage Rates, 1971–Today
Every year of US fixed mortgage rates — the 30-yr and 15-yr averages, the 18.63% all-time high and 2.65% record low, with an interactive chart by year and decade.
Read the study → - Inflation 2.95%inflation in 2024
Historical US Inflation Rate, 1960–Today
Annual US inflation, year by year — the 13.55% peak of 1980, the rare -0.36% deflation of 2009, what your money is worth over time, and a page for every notable year.
Read the study → - Unemployment 4.2%unemployment, 2025
Historical US Unemployment Rate, 1991–Today
The US unemployment rate year by year — the 9.63% peak of 2010, the 3.64% low of 2023, the Misery Index, and a page for every notable year.
Read the study → - GDP $28.75TUS GDP, 2024
US GDP by Year, 1960–Today
The size and growth of the US economy year by year — from $28.75T today back to 1960, the 7.24% boom of 1984, the -2.58% contraction of 2009, and GDP per person.
Read the study → - Minimum wage $7.25federal minimum
Minimum Wage by State
Every state's minimum wage versus the federal $7.25 floor — unchanged since 2009 — with District of Columbia highest at $17.5, the tipped wage, and a page for the biggest states.
Read the study →
Free · every Sunday
This week’s money, digested.
What moved in the markets, the guides worth reading, and what it all means — in one short email. No noise, no bank linking, leave anytime.